Gianyar Regency which borders Denpasar, Bangli and Klungkung, is often placed as a region that stores the source of inspiration for cultural art development. Karawitan, dance, craft arts and other branches of art are believed to evolve from the Gianyar region.
It is not separated from the position of Gianyar territory in the past as the center of government governance during the transition before and early Majapahit era.
The area of the first and Pejeng in the north of Gianyar recorded in history as the center of government before the Majapahit era while the Samprangan in the east of Gianyar is the center of government at the beginning of the Majapahit power of Bali.
In the Dutch colonial period of independence, the area of Ubud, Peliatan, Mas and surrounding areas are increasingly strong to lead to the center of the Art of culture. Certainly, throughout the ages, Gianyar is very close to the art of culture.
With an area covering 368 square kilometers with a population of about 484,600 inhabitants in 2001, Gianyar is a medium-density area. In contrast to Denpasar as a high density trading city in the city center that is 1,317 inhabitants per square kilometer, the density in Gianyar precisely leads to the suburbs which is a tourist area especially in the district of Ubud.
On the west side of Gianyar, which covers the Sayan area to Payangan, has developed into a boutique residential area that prioritizes hotel privacy while Ubud’s central area flourishes the type of pension and homestay that mingle with the natives.
Another area in Gianyar, which is not an Hunan area tourist, develops into a buffer area of tourism with the handicraft industry. One region with other areas in Gianyar is mutually supporting and complementary! In forming Gianyar as a city of culture and tourism.
HISTORY OF GIANYAR
Based on the archaeological evidence determined within the Gianyar place and location, it is able to be assumed that the network in Gianyar has emerged in view that 2500 years ago this is associated with the discovery of sites or (artifacts) / within the form of stone crates, bronze metal this is hell (Pejeng month), reliefs that describe the lifestyles of the temple or cave at the river cliffs (Tukad) Pekerisan.
Having observed written evidence within the shape of an inscription on stone or metal, the central royal website of the Warmadewa dynasty at the Singaandawa Palace, Bedahulu may be identified. After the Gajah Mada (Majapahit) expedition became able to conquer Bali Island, a keraton headquarter turned into hooked up on the former middle of its army headquarters, the Keraton Samprangan.
Keraton is the middle of the royal authorities which is led by using the dominion of dukes (Ida Dalem) Kresna Kpitness (1350 – 1380). He turned into the founder of the Ida dynasty Dalem Kresna Kpitness. Keraton Samprangan was around three a long time later and the critical keratin of the Balinese state became moved to Gelgel by using his youngest son, named I Dalem Ketut NgulesirI Dalem Ketut Ngulesir, (1380 – 1460) the king of the Duke of Bali.
Keraton Gelgel was later given the name Swecalinggarsapura and lasted approximately 3 centuries. As long because the middle of government is at the middle of Gelgel, there are five of the descendants of Ida Dalem Kresna Kpakisan who are ruling particularly: Ida Dalem Ketut Ngulesir (1380-1460), Ida Dalem Waturenggong (1460-1550), Ida Dalem Bekung (1550-1580), Ida Dalem Segening (1580-1630), and Ida Dalem Dimade (130-1651). During the duration, 1651-1686 government strength in Gelgel became taken over with the aid of I Gusti Agung Maruti, and descendants of Arya Kep testimony.
The forerunner of the ruler (king) who came to be known as the Gianyar region came from the descendants of Ida Dalem Segening and Ida Dalem Dimade.
Meanwhile, in the equal length facilities of strength also regarded, specifically I Gusti Ngurah Jelantik in Blahbatuh and I Gusti Agung Maruti in Keramas, both of whom got here from Arya Kep testimony,
The Gelgel length resulted in the defeat and the give up of the reign of I Gusti Agung Maruti in 1686. One of the sons of Dalem Dimade named Ida I Dewa Agung Jambe and supported with the aid of combined lascar (Singarsa, Denbukit, Badung, and Laskar pering ivory double oncer from the village Beng) can reclaim the royal throne.
Furthermore, the anglurahs who led the congregation agreed to crown Ida I Dewa Agung Jambe As Raja (I Dewa Agung). Ida I Dewa Agung Jambe Next, he moved the keratin middle of his administration to Klungkung, which turned into known as the Semarapura Palace.
The Klungkung period as a sovereign and fully self-sufficient kingdom lasted two centuries, to be exact 222 years (1686-1980).
One of the sons of Ida Dalem Segening named Ida I Dewa Yellow Mangosteen (1600s) is the forerunner of the Mangosteen dynasty which later emerged after Generation IV. Meanwhile, one of the sons of Ida Dalem Dimade, named I Dewa Agung Pemayun (1640s), changed into the forerunner of the Pemayun dynasty that emerged after Generation II and which constructed the electricity of Tampaksiring, Pejeng, and the kingdom of Payangan (1735-1843).
One of the sons of Ida I, Dewa Agung Jambe, named Ida I, Dewa Agung Anom, regarded because of the forerunner of the dynasty of the kings in Sukawati Kingdom (1711-1771).
The 3 forerunners that arose in Gianyar originating from the primary dynasty of Dalem Kresna. The witnesses from the Gelgel Period to the Klungkung duration experienced struggles, succession, ups and downs, crossways to attain the height of royal strength, both violently and peacefully. Dinamkia struggles between traditional elites from generation to technology have proceeded.
At a certain moment, one in every of them was the builder of the metropolis of the palace or the royal city which has become the middle of the kingdom’s crucial government called Gianyar. The improvement of a sovereign and fully self-reliant metropolis of the king is Ida I Dewa Manggis Shakti, the Fourth generation of Ida Dewa Manggis Kuning.
The founding of Puri Agung Gianyar April 19 1771, which also became the capital, and the relevant government of the sovereign country of Gianyar took part in filling the history sheet of the kingdoms of Bali, which consisted of the Nine Kingdoms specifically: Klungkung, Karangasem, Buleleng, Mengwi, Bangli, Payangan, Badung, Tabanan, and Gianyar. However, until the nineteenth century, after the collapse of the kingdoms of Payangan and Mengwi on the one hand and the emergence of Jembrana on the other, there have been 8 kingdoms in Bali (state), particularly: Klungkung, Karangasem, Buleleng, Jembrana, Tabanan, Badung, Bangli, and Gianyar (ENI, 1917).
After the Dutch all over Bali, the eight former kingdoms were identified by using the governor’s authorities, but a part of the Dutch Hindu Territory became headed by using a king of their respective swapraja.
During the modern period, when the Balinese region become included within the Eastern Indonesia Neraga (NIT) region, the regional autonomy of the dominion / swapraja turned into still identified.
However, all of that turned into coordinated in an institution called the council of Kings. Raja Gianyar Ida A.A Gede Oka, changed into appointed chairman of the council of Kings in 1947 to update A.A Pandji Tisna, king of Buleleng. In addition, in the course of the NIT length, two different figures, specifically: Tjokorde Gede Rake Soekewati (Puri Kantor Ubud) become appointed President of the NIT and Ide A.A Gede Agung (Puri Gianyar) have become the Prime Minister of NIT. When the United Republic of Indonesia (RIS) lower back to the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) on August 17, 1950, NIT Law No.forty four of June 15, 1950, remained in force. The swapraja area within the NIT vicinity is known as the swapraja area. However, for the range of local governments all through Indonesia, Law No. 69 of 1958 which changed the place / swapraja into an intermediate degree II (Daswati III).
Dawasti II turned into applied in quite a few ways all through Indonesia till 1960, in addition, the name changed into modified again to the name of the nearby level II (Dati II), Dati II Regency, and regency. And in terms of autonomy, it’s miles clear that the improvement process befell inside the City of Gianyar.
The repute of autonomy and full sovereignty changed into attached to the Gianyar government on the grounds that 19 April 1771, which continued to process till the regional level II local autonomy turned into placed into impact today.
Gianyar regency is divided into seven districts (kecamatan), listed with the link below :